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Adverb: Definition, Types of Adverb and Examples
- March 16, 2023
- Posted by: Admin
- Category: English Grammar BPSC MP Patwari Exam MP Patwari Exam Analysis MPPSC State PSC Exams UPPSC UPSC
- Adverb: Definition, Types of Adverb and Examples
- Definition:
- Adverb की बनावट
- Types Of Adverb ( क्रिया विशेषण का प्रकार)
- 1. Adverb of Time (काल वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
- 2. Adverb of Frequency (बारम्बारता वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
- 3. Adverb of Place (स्थान वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
- 4. Adverb of Manner (रिती वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
- 5. Adverb of Degree (परिणाम वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
- 6. Adverb of Sentence ( वाक्य वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
- 7. Adverb of Affirmation and Negation
- 8. Interrogative Adverb
- 9. Relative adverbs (सम्बन्धवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
- Frequently Asked Questions:
Adverb: Definition, Types of Adverb and Examples
Definition:
The word which modifies a verb, an adjective, another adverb or a full sentence is called Adverb.
Or What is Adverb in Hindi
An adverb is a word which qualifies an adjective, a verb or another Adverb.
Adverb Definition in Hindi: क्रिया विशेषण एक ऐसा शब्द है जिसका प्रयोग Verb, Adjective या किसी अन्य Adverb के साथ अपने अर्थ में कुछ जोड़ने के लिए किया जाता है.
दूसरे शब्दों में,
क्रिया विशेषण एक ऐसा शब्द है जो संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, Interjection को छोड़कर पार्ट्स ऑफ़ स्पीच के किसी भी भाग को संशोधित करता है.
Example:-
- She speaks English fluently.
- She sings sweetly.
- Mohan came quickly.
- He reads slowly.
- The elections are coming soon.
- They only shopped locally.
- They are happily married.
- The roads are very steep.
- He stopped by briefly to say hello.
- My daughter calls me regularly.
Note:-
दिए गए उदहारण में English, Sing, Came and Reads के विशेषता को Adverb ( Fluently, Sweetly, Quickly और slowly) प्रकट कर रहा है. इसलिए ये सभी Adverb है.
Adverb की बनावट
अंग्रेजी वाक्य में Adverb की बनावट कुछ इस प्रकार होते है.
1. Verb + Adverb
- Ex:-
- He is walking slowly.
- The cute dog runs quickly.
- My patient mother walks slowly.
- The quiet boy plays happily
उदहारण में Slowly, Quickly, happily वर्ब walking, runs, walks, plays आदि की विशेषता व्यक्त कर रहा है.
2. Helping Verb + Adverb + Main Verb
- Ex:-
- he is not Reading.
- My roommate is so annoying.
- This car is incredibly expensive.
- You are quite right.
3. Adverb + Adjective + Noun
- Ex:-
- you are a very good boy.
4. Adverb + A Sentence
- Ex:-
- Fortunately no one was injured in the car accident.
- Unfortunately, we were too late.
Note:-
हिंदी वाक्य में Adverb उसी वाक्य के पहले होता है जिसे वह Modify करता है.
Types Of Adverb ( क्रिया विशेषण का प्रकार)
Adverb को 9 प्रमुख वर्गों में विभाजित किया गया है.
- Adverb of Time (काल वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
- Adverb of Frequency (बारम्बारता वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
- Adverb of Place (स्थान वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
- Adverb of Manner (रिती वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
- Adverb of Degree (परिणाम वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
- Adverb of Sentence ( वाक्य वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
- Adverb of Affirmation and Negation
- Interrogative Adverbs(प्रश्नवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
- Relative adverbs(सम्बन्धवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
1. Adverb of Time (काल वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
Adverbs of time tell the time of an action.
जिस Adverb से समय का बोध हो, तो वह Adverb of Time कहलाता है.
दुसरें शब्दों में,
वे एडवर्ब जो समय को व्यक्त करता है, वह Adverb of Time कहलाता है.
Yesterday, today, tomorrow, then, now, ago, before, just, just now, late, early, soon, shortly, recently, immediately, instantly, after tomorrow, next year, already, इत्यादि इसके उदाहरण है.
Example:-
- I shall be back tomorrow.
- They went yesterday.
- Do it now.
- Why do you always come late?
- He saw me yesterday.
- I have seen her before.
- Mukesh will soon return.
- Ajay arrived late.
दिए गए उदहारण में एडवर्ब समय का बोध करा रहा है. जैसे Do it now. (अभी इसे करे). यह वाक्य समय को संबोधित कर रहा है जिसमे now, Adverb of time है.
Note:-
Adverb of time सवाल का जवाब देता है. “When”
अर्ताथ, Adverb of time का पता लगने के लिए वाक्य में “कब” लगाकर प्रश्न किया जाता है.
जैसे; She comes late. वह देर से आती है.
- प्रश्न: वह कब आती है.
- उत्तर: देर से
दिए गए वाक्य में “कब” लगाकर प्रश्न करने पर Adverb of time का पता चलता है.
2. Adverb of Frequency (बारम्बारता वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
Adverbs of frequency tell how frequent an action is done.
परिभाषा: Adverb of Frequency से यह बोध होता है कि कोई कार्य कब / कैसे और कितनी बार होता है.
Once, twice, firstly, secondly, again, never, seldom, sometimes, often, always, secondly, thirdly, hardly, इत्यादि Adverb of Frequency के उदाहरण है.
जैसे:-
- I go to her frequently.
- I seldom visit any public place.
- We really find such a talent.
- I never visit movies.
- He has not seen her once.
- The postman called again.
- She seldom dances.
- Every person often makes mistakes.
किसी भी वाक्य से Adverb of frequency ज्ञात करने के लिए “कितनी बार” लगाकर प्रश्न करे. जैसे;
She seldom dances (वह शायद ही कभी नाचती है.)
- प्रश्न: वह कितनी बार नाचती है.
- उत्तर: शायद ही कभी
Note:-
Adverb of frequency निम्न प्रश्न का उत्तर देता है. जैसे:- How often, How many
3. Adverb of Place (स्थान वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
Adverbs of place tell where or in what direction an action is done.
Adverb of place से स्थान का बोध होता है और यह पता चलता है कि कार्य कहा हुआ, कहा हो रहा है और कहा होगा.
Here, there, inside, down, up, in, out, near, away, indoors, outdoors, outside, far, hither, within, everywhere, without, somewhere, nowhere, anywhere इत्यादि Adverb of Place के उदाहरण है.
Example:-
- Come here.
- Go there.
- The doctor is out.
- My father is out of station.
- She looked up.
- There is air everywhere.
- He was sitting there.
किसी भी वाक्य से Adverb of Place ज्ञात करने के लिए “कहाँ” लगाकर प्रश्न करे. जैसे
There is air everywhere. हवा प्रत्येक जगह है.
- प्रश्न: वह कहाँ है.
- उत्तर: प्रत्येक जगह
Note:-
Adverb of Place निम्न प्रश्न का उत्तर देता है जैसे:- Where or in what direction.
4. Adverb of Manner (रिती वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
Adverbs of manner tell in what manner an action is done.
Adverb of Manner से किसी के ढंग या रिती का बोध होता है और पता चलता है कि कार्य कैसे हुआ.
दुसरें शब्दों में,
वैसे Adverbs जिससे किसी कार्य के होने के तरीका का होने का अभिव्यक्ति होती है, तो वह Adverb of Manner कहलाता है.
Beautifully, clearly, badly, sweetly, loudly, carefully, timidly, any how, bravely, foolishly, wisely, certainly, well, doubtfully, इत्यादि Adverb of Manner के उदाहरण है.
Example:-
- she gave me money reluctantly. (उसने मुझे अनिच्छा से पैसे दिए.)
- She walks beautifully.
- They study carefully.
- He speaks loudly.
- The horse runs fast.
- He worked hard.
- This book is well written.
दिए गए वाक्यों में reluctantly, beautifully, carefully, loudly, fast, hard, well, का प्रयोग वर्ब की विशेषता व्यक्त करने के लिए किया गया है. इसलिए, ये सभी Adverb of Manner है.
Note:-
Adjective of quality में + ly जोड़कर Adverb of Manner बनाया जाता है.
5. Adverb of Degree (परिणाम वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
Adverbs of Degree tell the degree of action, quantity of an action and extent of an action.
डिग्री के क्रियाविशेषण एक क्रिया की मात्रा और क्रिया की सीमा को बताते हैं.
Or
Adverb of Degree से कितना, किस हद तक जैसे प्रश्नों का उत्तर मिलता है.
Almost, very, quite, too, fully, enough, pretty, partly, rather, so, well, whole, nearly इत्यादि Adverb of Degree के उदाहरण है.
Example:-
- She is extremely beautiful.
- You are quite handsome.
- You are right to a great extent.
- You are partly right.
Note:-
Adverb of Degree निम्न प्रश्न का उत्तर देता है जैसे:- How much.
6. Adverb of Sentence ( वाक्य वाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
Adverbs of Sentence tell the reason for action.
वाक्य के विशेषण क्रिया के कारण बताते है उसे Adverb of Sentence कहते है.
Or
जो Adverb पुरे वाक्य को modify करता है, उसे Adverb of Sentence कहते है.
Generally, personally, finally, luckily, fortunately इत्यादि Adverb of Sentence के उदाहरण है.
Example:-
- Generally, two and two is four.
- Personally, you can solve this.
- Luckly, you won the lottery.
- Finally, your brother passed the examination.
7. Adverb of Affirmation and Negation
The Adverbs which express positive or negative answers are called Adverbs of Affirmation or Negation.
जो Adverbs सकारात्मक या नकारात्मक उत्तर व्यक्त करते हैं, उन्हें Adverbs of Affirmation या Negation कहा जाता है.
Not, surely, certainly, indeed, by, no, means, not at all, yes-no probably इत्यादि Adverb of Affirmation and Negation के उदाहरण है.
Example:-
- She did not come after all.
- Surely he is right.
- Yes, I will come in time.
- Probably, it may rain today.
- She is certainly alive.
- I do not know her.
दिए गए वाक्यों में not, surely, certainly, probably, का प्रयोग एडवर्ब के रूप में come, right, alive आदि के विशेषता बताने के लिए किया गया है.
Note:
Yes तथा No का प्रयोग Affirmation and Negation sentence के substitute के रूप में होता है. जैसे;
- प्रश्न: Have you learnt the lesson.
- उत्तर: Yes, ( यहाँ yes का अर्थ, you learnt the lesson है.)
8. Interrogative Adverb
वे adverbs जो प्रश्न पूछने के लिए प्रयुक्त होते है, वह Interrogative Adverb कहलाता है.
Types of adverb used to ask questions are called Interrogative adverbs.
When, how long, where, whence, whiter, howoften, howmany times, howmuch, howfar, in whatdegree, how, in what way, why, werefor, etc. Interrogative Adverb के उदहारण है.
Examples:-
- When will you return?
- How long will she stay there?
- Where do you live?
- How did you visit here?
- Why you are late?
- How much did the child weep?
9. Relative adverbs (सम्बन्धवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
परिभाषा: जब दो Interrogative adverbs का प्रयोग दो सेंटेंसेस को जोड़ने के लिए होता है, वे Relative adverbs कहलाते है.
Adverbs used to join two sentences together are called relative adverbs.
why, where, when आदि Relative adverbs के उदहारण है.
Examples:
- This is the house where he lived.
- Do you know when he will come?
- This the place where the king lived.
- I know the time when he came.
- This is the college where my friend had studied.
दिए गए उदहारण में Where और when Relative adverbs है जो house, know, place, time और college को Relate कर रहे है.
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Frequently Asked Questions:
What is adverb and example?
An adverb is a word that modifies (describes) a verb (he sings loudly), an adjective (very tall), another adverb (ended too quickly), or even a whole sentence (Fortunately, I had brought an umbrella). Adverbs often end in –ly, but some (such as fast) look exactly the same as their adjective counterparts.
How do you identify adverbs?
An adverb is a part of speech that modifies a another adverb, a verb, or an adjective. It is often recognized by the suffix -ly at the end of it.
What are the 6 types of adverbs?
The different types of adverbs are:
Adverbs of manner
Adverbs of time
Adverbs of place
Adverbs of frequency
Adverbs of degree
Conjunctive adverbs